Equivalents & Substitutes¶

Anchovy ¶

Anchovy Equivalency to:	Miso Nori Paste
1 minced anchovy	½ tsp
2 minced anchovies	1 tsp
3 minced anchovies	1.5 tsp

Butter ¶

Salted Butter Equivalency to:	Unsalted Butter	Salt
4 Tbsp	4 Tbsp	⅛ tsp
¼ cup	¼ cup	⅛ tsp
½ cup	½ cup	¼ tsp
1 cup	1 cup	½ tsp

Cake & Pastry Flour ¶

Cake & Pastry Flour Equivalency to	All-purpose flour	Cornstarch
1 cup (120 g)	1 cup (120 g) - 2 Tbsp (15 g) = 105 g	2 Tbsp (14 g)

Chocolate ¶

Type	Chocolate Percentage	Tempering Temperature
white	20%	109°F (43°C)
milk	30-40%	113°F (45°C)
semi-sweet (dark)	57%	118°F (48-50°C)
bittersweet (dark)	67%	118°F (48-50°C)
unsweetened	100%	-

Cream of Tartar ¶

Cream of Tartar Equivalency to:	Lemon Juice	White Vinegar	Baking Powder¹
¼ tsp Cream of Tartar	½ tsp	½ tsp	-
½ tsp Cream of Tartar	1 tsp	1 tsp	-
1 tsp Cream of Tartar	2 tsp	2 tsp	-
⅔ tsp Cream of Tartar & ⅓ tsp baking soda	-	-	1 tsp

Dried Herbs for Fresh ¶

Fresh Herbs Equivalency to:	Dried Herbs
1-½ tsp	1 tsp
3 tsp	2 tsp
1 Tbsp	2 tsp
1-½ Tbsp	1 Tbsp

Eggs ¶

Let mixture sit for 5 minutes.

Egg Equivalency to:	Flaxseed Meal	Water
1 egg	1 Tbsp	3 Tbsp
2 eggs	2 Tbsp	6 Tbsp
3 eggs	3 Tbsp	9 Tbsp

Garlic ¶

Garlic Cloves Equivalency to:	Minced Garlic	Garlic Flakes	Granulated Garlic	Garlic Powder	Garlic Salt²
1 Garlic Clove	½ tsp	½ tsp	¼ tsp	⅛ tsp	½ tsp
2 Garlic Clove	1 tsp	1 tsp	½ tsp	¼ tsp	1 tsp

Herb Sprigs¶

Herb	Volume	Sprigs	Weight (g)
Thyme	2 Tbsp	12	11.25
Rosemary	2 Tbsp	3 6-in	5.6

Herb Substitution ¶

Herb	Substitutes
Basil	Oregano or thyme
Chervil	Tarragon or parsley
Chives	Green onions (scallions), onion, or leek
Italian Seasoning	Blend any of these: basil, oregano, rosemary, and ground red pepper
Marjoram	Basil, thyme, or savory
Mint	Basil, marjoram, or rosemary
Oregano	Thyme or basil
Parsley	Chervil or cilantro
Poultry Seasoning	Sage plus a blend of any of these: thyme, marjoram, savory, black pepper, or rosemary
Red Pepper Flakes	Dash bottled hot pepper sauce or black pepper
Rosemary	Thyme, tarragon, or savory
Sage	Poultry seasoning, savory, marjoram, or rosemary
Savory	Thyme, marjoram, or sage
Tarragon	Chervil, dash fennel seed, or dash aniseed
Thyme	Basil, marjoram, oregano, or savory

Honey ¶

Sugar Equivalency to:	Honey	Baking Soda
¼ cup	8 tsps	-
½ cup	⅓ cup	-
1 cup	⅔ cup	⅛ tsp
2 cup	1-⅓ cup	¼ tsp

Maple Syrup ¶

Maple Syrup Equivalency to:	Honey	Water
¼ cup	⅛ cup	⅛ cup
½ cup	¼ cup	¼ cup
1 cup	½ cup	½ cup
2 cup	1 cup	1 cup

Onion ¶

Chopped Onion Equivalency to:	Chopped Onion	Onion Powder	Dried Onion Flakes
1 Small Onion	⅓ cup	1 tsp	1 Tbsp
1 Medium Onion	1 cup	1 Tbsp	3 Tbsp
1 Large	1-½ cups	1-½ Tbsp	4-½ Tbsp

Pectin ¶

Dry Pectin Equivalency to:	Liquid Pectin
2 Tbsp (½ pouch)	1 pouch (3 fl. oz)
4 Tbsp (1 pouch)	2 pouches (6 fl. oz)

Salt ¶

Table Salt	Coarse Kosher Salt	Fine Sea Salt	Coarse Sea Salt	Fine Himalayan Pink Salt	Coarse Himalayan Pink Salt	Canning & Pickling Salt
¼ tsp	¼ tsp	¼ tsp	¼ tsp	¼ tsp	¼ tsp	¼ tsp
1 tsp	1-¼ tsp	1 tsp	1 tsp	1 tsp	1 tsp	1 tsps
1 Tbsp	1 Tbsp + ¾ tsp	1 Tbsp	1 Tbsp	1 Tbsp + ¼ tsp	1 Tbsp + ¼ tsp	1 Tbsp
¼ cup	¼ cup + 1 Tbsp	¼ cup + ½ tsp	¼ cup	¼ cup + 1 tsp	¼ cup + 1-½ tsp	¼ cups
½ cup	½ cup + 2 Tbsp	½ cup + 1 tsp	½ cup + ¼ tsp	½ cup + 2 tsp	½ cup + 1 Tbsp	½ cup
¾ cup	¾ cup + 3 Tbsp	¾ cup + 1 tsp	¾ cup + ¼ tsp	¾ cup + 1 Tbsp	¾ cup + 4 tsps	¾ cups
1 cup	1 ¼ cups	1 cup + 1 tsp	1 cup + ½ tsp	1 cup + 4 tsps	1 cup + 2 Tbsp	1 cup
2 cups	2-½ cups	2 cups + 1 Tbsp	2 cups + 1 tsp	2 cups + 3 Tbsp	2-¼ cups	2 cups

Self-Rising Flour ¶

Self-Rising Flour Equivalency to	All-purpose flour	Baking Powder	Salt	Baking Soda
¼ cup	¼ cup	¼ tsp	⅛ tsp	1 pinch
½ cup	½ cup	½ tsp	¼ tsp	⅛ tsp
1 cup	1 cup	1 tsp	½ tsp	¼ tsp

Soy Sauce ¶

Soy Sauce Equivalency to:	Coconut Aminos	Tamari
¼ tsp Soy Sauce	¼ tsp + pinch of salt	¼ tsp + pinch of salt
½ tsp Soy Sauce	½ tsp + pinch of salt	½ tsp + pinch of salt
1 Tbsp Soy Sauce	1 Tbsp + pinch of salt	1 Tbsp + pinch of salt

Suet ¶

Suet Equivalency to:	Grated Vegetable Shortening
¼ cup	¼ cup
½ cup	½ cup
1 cup	1 cup

Vanilla ¶

Vanilla Bean Equivalency to:	Vanilla Extract	Vanilla Bean Paste	Ground Vanilla Beans	Vanilla Powder
¼ Whole Vanilla Bean	¼ Tbsp	½ - ¾ tsp	½ Tbsp	½ tsp
½ Whole Vanilla Bean	½ Tbsp	1 tsp - 1-½ tsp	¾ tsp	1 tsp
1 Whole Vanilla Bean	1 Tbsp	2-3 tsp	1-½ tsp	2 tsp

No matter what you’re using, use the same amount of vegetable shortening or butter called for in your recipe. In other words, it should be a one-to-one swap. If your recipe calls for one cup of butter, you can use one cup of shortening and vice versa. Does your recipe call for salted butter? Add a pinch of salt to the shortening for a closer match.

Vegetable Shortening Equivalency to:	Butter
1 Tbsp	1 Tbsp
2 Tbsp	2 Tbsp
3 Tbsp	3 Tbsp

Whole Milk¶

Whole Milk Equivalency to:	Heavy Cream	Half-and-Half	Water
¼ cup	2 Tbsp	-	2 Tbsp
½ cup	¼ cup	-	¼ cup
1 cup	½ cup	-	½ cup
¼ cup	-	3 Tbsp	1 Tbsp
½ cup	-	6 Tbsp	2 Tbsp
1 cup	-	¾ cup	¼ cup

Baking powder contains cream of tartar. It’s literally just two parts cream of tartar and one part baking soda, thrown into a little can and packaged up nice and pretty. If your recipe calls for both baking soda and cream of tartar—usually for leavening purposes—just replace both with baking powder. ↩
This will add an extra ⅜ tsp of salt, so decrease the salt in your recipe accordingly. ↩