Baker’s Special Sugar (superfine sugar, castor sugar)
1 cup
190
6-¾
Baking Powder
1 tsp
4
-
Baking Soda
½ tsp
3
-
Bananas (mashed)
1 cup
227
8
Barley (cooked)
1 cup
215
7-⅝
Barley (pearled)
1 cup
213
7-½
Barley Flakes
½ cup
46
1-⅝
Barley Flour
1 cup
85
3
Basil Pesto
2 Tbsp
28
1
Bell Peppers (fresh)
1 cup
142
5
Berries (frozen)
1 cup
142
5
Black-Eyed Peas (dry)
1 cup
175
6.2
Blueberries (dried)
1 cup
156
5-½
Blueberries (fresh)
1 cup
170
6
Blueberry Juice
1 cup
241
8-½
Boiled Cider
¼ cup
85
3
Bran Cereal
1 cup
60
2-⅛
Bread Crumbs (dried)
¼ cup
28
1
Bread Crumbs (fresh)
¼ cup
21
¾
Bread Crumbs (Panko)
¼ cup
50
1-¾
Bread Flour
1 cup
120
4-¼
Broccoli
1 cup
91
3.2
Brown Rice (cooked)
1 cup
170
6
Brown Rice Flour
1 cup
128
4-½
Brown Sugar (dark or light, packed)
1 cup
213
7-½
Buckwheat (whole)
1 cup
170
6
Buckwheat Flour
1 cup
120
4-¼
Bulgar
1 cup
152
5-⅜
Butter
8 Tbsp (½ cup)
113
4
Buttermilk
1 cup
227
8
Cake Enhancer
2 Tbsp
14
½
Candied Peel
½ cup
85
3
Caramel (14 to 16 individual pieces, 1" squares)
½ cup
142
5
Caramel Bits (chopped Heath or toffee)
1 cup
156
5-½
Caraway Seeds
2 Tbsp
18
⅝
Carrots (cooked and puréed)
½ cup
128
4-½
Carrots (diced)
1 cup
142
5
Carrots (grated)
1 cup
99
3-½
Cashews (chopped)
1 cup
113
4
Cashews (whole)
1 cup
113
4
Cauliflower
1 cup
100
3.5
Celery (diced)
1 cup
142
5
Cheese (feta)
½ cup
57
2
Cheese (grated cheddar, jack, mozzarella or Swiss)
1 cup
113
4
Cheese (grated Parmesan)
½ cup
50
1-¾
Cheese (ricotta)
1 cup
227
8
Cherries (candied)
¼ cup
50
1-¾
Cherries (dried)
½ cup
71
2-½
Cherries (frozen)
1 cup
113
4
Chia Seeds
1 Tbsp
10
⅜
Chickpea Flour
1 cup
85
3
Chili powder
1 cup
108
3-⅞
Chives (fresh)
½ cup
21
¾
Chocolate (chopped)
1 cup
170
6
Chocolate Chips
1 cup
170
6
Cinnamon Sugar
¼ cup
50
1-¾
Cocoa (unsweetened)
½ cup
42
1-½
Coffee Beans (whole)
1 cup
85
3
Coconut (sweetened, shredded)
1 cup
85
3
Coconut (unsweetened, large flakes)
1 cup
60
2-⅛
Coconut (unsweetened, shredded)
1 cup
113
4
Coconut Flour
1 cup
128
4-½
Coconut Milk Powder
½ cup
57
2
Coconut Oil
½ cup
113
4
Collard Greens (chopped, raw)
1 cup
36
1.27
Confectioners’ Sugar (unsifted)
2 cups
227
8
Cookie Crumbs
1 cup
85
3
Corn (popped)
4 cups
21
¾
Corn Syrup
1 cup
312
11
Cornmeal (whole)
1 cup
138
4-⅞
Cornmeal (yellow, Quaker)
1 cup
156
5-½
Cornstarch
¼ cup
28
1
Couscous
⅓ cup
60
2.1
Cracked Wheat
1 cup
149
5-¼
Cranberries (dried)
½ cup
57
2
Cranberries (fresh or frozen)
1 cup
99
3-½
Cream (heavy cream, light cream, or half-and-half)
1 cup
227
8
Cream Cheese
1 cup
227
8
Crystallized Ginger
½ cup
92
3-¼
Currants
1 cup
142
5
Curry powder
1 Tbsp
10
⅜
Dates (chopped)
1 cup
149
5-¼
Demerara Sugar
1 cup
220
7-¾
Dried Blueberry Powder
¼ cup
28
1
Dried Buttermilk Powder
2 Tbsp
25
⅞
Dried Milk (Baker’s Special Dried Milk)
¼ cup
35
1-¼
Dried Nonfat Milk (powdered)
¼ cup
21
¾
Dried Potato Flakes (instant mashed potatoes)
½ cup
43
1-½
Dried Whole Milk (powdered)
½ cup
50
1-¾
Dried Red Lentils
1 cup
210
7-⅜
Durum Flour
1 cup
124
4-⅜
Easy Roll Dough Improver
2 Tbsp
18
⅝
Egg (fresh)
1 large
50
1-¾
Egg White (fresh)
1 large
35
1-¼
Egg Whites (dried)
2 Tbsps
11
⅜
Egg Yolk (fresh)
1 large
14
½
Espresso Powder
1 Tbsp
7
¼
Figs (dried, chopped)
1 cup
149
5-¼
First Clear Flour
1 cup
106
3-¾
Flax Meal
½ cup
50
1-¾
Flaxseed
¼ cup
35
1-¼
Garlic (cloves, in skin for roasting)
1 large head
113
4
Garlic (minced)
2 Tbsps
28
1
Garlic (peeled and sliced)
1 cup
149
5-¼
Ginger (fresh, sliced)
¼ cup
57
2
Gluten-Free All-Purpose Baking Mix
1 cup
120
4-¼
Gluten-Free All-Purpose Flour
1 cup
156
5-½
Graham Cracker Crumbs (boxed)
1 cup
99
3-½
Graham Crackers (crushed)
1 cup
142
5
Gran Graham Cracker Sheet
1 sheet
15
½
Ground Coriander
1 tsp
2
-
Ground Cumin
1 tsp
3
-
Ground Turmeric
1 tsp
3
-
Granola
1 cup
113
4
| Grape-Nuts | ½ cup | 57 | 2 |
| Harvest Grains Blend | ½ cup | 74 | 2-⅝ |
| Hazelnut Flour | 1 cup | 89 | 3-⅛ |
| Hazelnut Praline Paste | ½ cup | 156 | 5-½ |
| Hazelnut Spread | ½ cup | 160 | 5-⅝ |
| Hazelnuts (whole) | 1 cup | 142 | 5 |
| Hi-Maize Natural Fiber | ¼ cup | 32 | 1-⅛ |
| High-Gluten Flour | 1 cup | 120 | 4-¼ |
| Honey | 1 Tbsp | 21 | ¾ |
| Instant ClearJel | 1 Tbsp | 11 | ⅜ |
| Jam or Preserves | ¼ cup | 85 | 3 |
| Jammy Bits | 1 cup | 184 | 6-½ |
| Key Lime Juice | 1 cup | 227 | 8 |
| Lard | ½ cup | 113 | 4 |
| Leeks (diced) | 1 cup | 92 | 3-¼ |
| Lemon Juice Powder | 2 Tbsps | 18 | ⅝ |
| Lime Juice Powder | 2 Tbsps | 18 | ⅝ |
| Macadamia Nuts (whole) | 1 cup | 149 | 5-¼ |
| Malt Syrup | 2 Tbsps | 43 | 1-½ |
| Malted Milk Powder | ¼ cup | 35 | 1-¼ |
| Malted Wheat Flakes | ½ cup | 64 | 2-¼ |
| Maple Sugar | ½ cup | 78 | 2-¾ |
| Maple Syrup | ½ cup | 156 | 5-½ |
| Marshmallow Fluff | 1 cup | 128 | 4-½ |
| Marshmallows (mini) | 1 cup | 43 | 1-½ |
| Marzipan | 1 cup | 290 | 10-⅛ |
| Masa Harina | 1 cup | 93 | 3-¼ |
| Mashed Potatoes | 1 cup | 213 | 7-½ |
| Mayonnaise | ½ cup | 113 | 4 |
| Meringue Powder | ¼ cup | 43 | 1-½ |
| Milk (evaporated) | ½ cup | 113 | 4 |
| Milk (fresh) | 1 cup | 227 | 8 |
| Millet (whole) | ½ cup | 103 | 3-⅝ |
| Mini Chocolate Chips | 1 cup | 177 | 6-¼ |
| Molasses | ¼ cup | 85 | 3 |
| Mushrooms (sliced) | 1 cup | 78 | 2-¾ |
| Non-Diastatic Malt Powder | 2 Tbsps | 18 | ⅝ |
| Oat Bran | ½ cup | 53 | 1-⅞ |
| Oat Flour | 1 cup | 92 | 3-¼ |
| Old-Fashioned Rolled Oats | 1 cup | 99 | 3-½ |
| Olive Oil | ¼ cup | 50 | 1-/34 |
| Onion (fresh, diced) | 1 cups | 142 | 5 |
| Orzo | 1 cup | 200 | 7 |
| Peanut Butter | 1 cup | 135 | 4-¾ |
| Peanuts (whole, shelled) | 1 cup | 142 | 5 |
| Peas (frozen) | 1 cup | 150 | 5-¼ |
| Pecans (whole) | 1 cup | 99 | 3-½ |
| Pine Nuts | ½ cup | 71 | 2-½ |
| Pineapple (crushed, drained) | 1 cup | 256 | 9 |
| Pineapple (dried) | ½ cup | 71 | 2-½ |
| Pineapple (fresh or canned, diced) | 1 cup | 170 | 6 |
| Pistachio Nuts (shlled) | ½ cup | 60 | 2-⅛ |
| Polenta (coarse ground cornmeal) | 1 cup | 163 | 5-¾ |
| Potatoes (sliced) | 1 cup | 157 | 5.5 |
| Pumpkin Purée | 1 cup | 227 | 8 |
| Quinoa (whole) | 1 cup | 177 | 6-¼ |
| Quinoa Flour | 1 cup | 110 | 3-⅞ |
| Raisins (loose) | 1 cup | 149 | 5-¼ |
| Raisins (packed) | ½ cup | 85 | 3 |
| Raspberries (fresh) | 1 cup | 120 | 4-¼ |
| Rhubarb (sliced, ½" slices) | 1 cup | 120 | 4-¼ |
| Rice (long grain, dry) | ½ cup | 99 | 3-½ |
| Rice Flour (white) | 1 cup | 142 | 5 |
| Rice Krispies | 1 cup | 28 | 1 |
| Rye Chops | 1 cup | 120 | 4-¼ |
| Rye Flakes | 1 cup | 124 | 4-⅜ |
| Rye Flour | 1 cup | 103 | 3-⅝ |
| Rye Flour Blend | 1 cup | 106 | 3-¾ |
| Salt (kosher, Diamond Crystal) | 1 Tbsp | 8 | - |
| Salt (kosher, Morton’s) | 1 Tbsp | 16 | - |
| Salt (table) | 1 Tbsp | 18 | - |
| Scallions (sliced) | 1 cup | 64 | 2-¼ |
| Self-Rising Flour | 1 cup | 113 | 4 |
| Semolina Flour | 1 cup | 163 | 5-¾ |
| Sesame Seeds | ½ cup | 71 | 2-½ |
| Shallots (peeled and sliced) | 1 cup | 156 | 5-½ |
| Six-Grain Blend | 1 cup | 128 | 4-½ |
| Sorghum Flour | 1 cup | 138 | 4-⅞ |
| Sour Cream | 1 cup | 227 | 8 |
| Sourdough Starter | 1 cup | 227 to 241 | 8 to 8-½ |
| Soy Flour | ¼ cup | 35 | 1-¼ |
| Spelt Flour | 1 cup | 99 | 3-½ |
| Sprouted Wheat Flour | 1 cup | 113 | 4 |
| Steel Cut Oats (cooked) | 1 cup | 255 | 9 |
| Steel Cut Oats (raw) | ½ cup | 99 | 2-⅞ |
| Strawberries (fresh sliced) | 1 cup | 167 | 5-⅞ |
| Sugar (granulated white) | 1 cup | 198 | 7 |
| Sun-Dried Tomatoes (dry pack) | 1 cup | 170 | 6 |
| Sunflower Seeds | ¼ cup | 35 | 1-¼ |
| Sweetened Condensed Milk | ¼ cup | 78 | 2-¾ |
| Tahini Paste | ½ cup | 128 | 4-½ |
| Tapioca Starch or Flour | 1 cup | 113 | 4 |
| Tapioca (quick cooking) | 2 Tbsps | 21 | ¾ |
| Teff Flour | 1 cup | 135 | 4-¾ |
| Toasted Almond Flour | 1 cup | 96 | 3-⅜ |
| Toffee Chunks | 1 cup | 156 | 5-½ |
| Tomato Paste | 2 Tbsp | 29 | 1 |
| Tomatoes (fresh, chopped) | 1 cup | 180 | 6.35 |
| Tubinado Sugar (raw) | 1 cup | 180 | 6-⅜ |
| Unbleached Cake Flour | 1 cup | 120 | 4-¼ |
| Vanilla Extract | 1 Tbsp | 14 | ½ |
| Vegetable Oil | 1 cup | 198 | 7 |
| Vegetable Shortening | ¼ cup | 46 | 1-⅝ |
| Vermont Cheese Powder | ½ cup | 57 | 2 |
| Vital Wheat Gluten | 2 Tbsps | 18 | ⅝ |
| Walnuts (chopped) | 1 cup | 113 | 4 |
| Walnuts (whole) | ½ cup | 64 | 2-¼ |
| Water | 1 cup | 227 | 8 |
| Wheat Berries (red) | 1 cup | 184 | 6-½ |
| Wheat Bran | ½ cup | 32 | 1-⅛ |
| Wheat Germ | ¼ cup | 28 | 1 |
| White Chocolate Chips | 1 cup | 170 | 6 |
| White Rye Flour | 1 cup | 106 | 3-¾ |
| White Whole Wheat Flour | 1 cup | 113 | 4 |
| Whole Wheat Flour (premium 100%) | 1 cup | 113 | 4 |
| Whole Wheat Pastry Flour/Graham Flour | 1 cup | 96 | 3-⅜ |
| Yeast (instant) | 2-¼ tsp | 7 | ¼ |
| Yogurt | 1 cup | 227 | 8 |
| Zucchini (shredded) | 1 cup | 142 to 170 | 5 to 6 |
A Translation of Old-Fashioned American Measurements¶
We shouldn’t give up our old measurements entirely. There’s too much history and sentiment tied up in them.
“Butter the size of a walnut” stirs a chord that “28.35g butter” just can’t. But where there are no walnuts, we need
the other measurement as well.
With the exception of the other English-speaking nations, cookbooks are written with metric measurements. Should
you run into a metric cookbook, here are some conversions of our basic measurements, which are difficult to translate
exactly. Small amounts will not make much difference, so metric amounts are usually rounded. (You use milliliters [ml]
when speaking of liquids, and grams [g] when speaking of solids.) For baking purposes, a gram is the same as a
milliliter.
Imperial
Metric
1 tsp
5 ml/g
1 Tbsp
15 ml/g
1 ounce
28.35 (or 30) ml/g
1 cup
227 (or 230) ml/g
1 lb
450 ml/g
2.2 lbs
1 kilogram
And should you be faced with an overseas oven, here are some temperature conversions from Fahrenheit to centigrade,
with the gas marks, used in some countries, as well.
Fahrenheit
Celsius or Gas Mark
225°F
100°C or Gas Mark ¼
250°F
130°C or Gas Mark ½
275°F
140°C or Gas Mark 1
300°F
150°C or Gas Mark 2
325°F
170°C or Gas Mark 3
350°F
180°C or Gas Mark 4
375°F
190°C or Gas Mark 5
400°F
200°C or Gas Mark 6
425°F
220°C or Gas Mark 7
450°F
230°C or Gas Mark 8
475°F
240°C or Gas Mark 9
The scoop# may be found by measuring the scoop bowl diameter if the scoop# is not printed on the scoop. ↩
The King Arthur Baking Company All-Purpose Baker's Companion ↩↩