tar
Archiving utility (https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/)
To extract an uncompressed archive
To extract an archive into a specific destination directory
tar -xvf <archive.tar> -C <destination_directory>
To create an uncompressed archive
tar -cvf <archive.tar> <source_directory>
To extract a gzip compressed archive (.tar.gz or .tgz)
tar -xzvf <archive.tar.gz>
To create a gzip compressed archive (.tar.gz or .tgz)
tar -czvf <archive.tar.gz> <source_directory>
To list the contents of a gzip compressed archive
tar -tzvf <archive.tar.gz>
To extract a bzip2 compressed archive (.tar.bz2)
tar -xjvf <archive.tar.bz2>
To create a bzip2 compressed archive (.tar.bz2)
tar -cjvf <archive.tar.bz2> <source_directory>
To list the contents of a bzip2 compressed archive
tar -tjvf <archive.tar.bz2>
To create a gzip archive excluding specific extensions
tar -czvf <archive.tar.gz> --exclude=\*.{jpg,gif,png,zip} <source_directory>
To use multi-threaded compression algorithms (via pigz, pbzip2, pixz)
tar -Ipigz -cvf <archive.tar.gz> <source_directory>
tar -Ipbzip2 -cvf <archive.tar.bz2> <source_directory>
tar -Ipixz -cvf <archive.tar.xz> <source_directory>
To append a new file to an existing uncompressed tar archive
tar -rf <archive.tar> <file_to_append>